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Grapevine trunk diseases (GTD) are the most destructive diseases of vineyards worldwide. Fungicides (such as sodium arsenite or 8-hydroxyquinoline, used to fight esca) with the potential to control GTD have been banned in Europe and there are no highly effective treatments available. Action to develop new strategies to fight these diseases are needed.〔(Action FA1303 at European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST) )〕 The following fungal species are responsible for grapevine trunk diseases:〔Grapevine Trunk Diseases. symptoms and distribution ((link )〕 * ''Botryosphaeria dothidea''〔Botryosphaeria dothidea associated with grapevine trunk disease in south-eastern Australia. Y. Qiu, S. Savocchia, C. C. Steel and G. J. Ash, Australasian Plant Pathology, September 2008, Volume 37, Issue 5, pages 482-485, 〕 and other ''Botryosphaeria'' species, such as , ''B. obtusa'', ''B. parva'' and ''B. australis'',〔Botryosphaeria spp. as grapevine trunk disease pathogens. Niekerk, J.M, P.H. Fourie, F. Halleen and P.W. Crous, Phytopathologia Mediterranea, 2006, volume 45, pages 43-54〕 * ''Cylindrocarpon'' spp., ''Ilyonectria'' spp., ''Dactylonectria'' spp. and ''Campylocarpon'' spp.〔Occurrence of grapevine trunk disease pathogens in rootstock mother plants in South Africa. P. H. Fourie and F. Halleen, Australasian Plant Pathology, June 2004, Volume 33, Issue 2, pages 313-315, 〕(cause of black foot disease) * ''Diplodia seriata'' (cause of bot canker)〔Identification and Pathogenicity of Lasiodiplodia theobromae and Diplodia seriata, the Causal Agents of Bot Canker Disease of Grapevines in Mexico. J. R. Úrbez-Torres, G. M. Leavitt, J. C. Guerrero, J. Guevara and W. D. Gubler, Plant Disease, April 2008, Volume 92, Number 4, pages 519-529, 〕 * ''Diplodia mutila'' (cause of Botryosphaeria dieback) * ''Dothiorella iberica'' * ''Dothiorella viticola'' * ''Eutypa lata'' (cause of Eutypa dieback) * ''Fomitiporia mediterranea'' (cause of esca) * ''Lasiodiplodia theobromae'' (cause of Botryosphaeria dieback)〔 * ''Neofusicoccum australe'' * ''Neofusicoccum luteum'' * ''Neofusicoccom parvum'' * ''Phaeoacremonium minimum'' (cause of esca and Petri disease) and other ''Phaeoacremonium'' species〔 * ''Phaeomoniella chlamydospora'' (cause of esca and Petri disease) == References == 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Grapevine trunk disease」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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